Tratamentos fisioterapêuticos na artrose lombar: revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: Lumbar osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition prevalent among older adults, characterized by chronic pain and functional limitations. Physical therapy plays a fundamental role in this context, particularly active approaches aimed at muscle strengthening, postural control, and improvement of functional capacity. Objective: To analyze, through a literature review, the effectiveness of the main physiotherapeutic approaches used in the rehabilitation of patients with lumbar osteoarthritis, with emphasis on core-strengthening exercises combined with kinesiotherapy and the Pilates method. Methodology: This is a qualitative literature review conducted in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, PEDro, and Google Scholar databases. Clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2015 and 2025 in Portuguese, English, and Spanish were included. From an initial total of 245 articles, 18 met the eligibility criteria and

were included in the final analysis. Results: The findings demonstrated that core- strengthening exercises combined with kinesiotherapy showed the greatest

effectiveness in reducing pain and improving lumbar stability and functionality, followed by the Pilates method, which stood out in mobility and motor control. Supervised protocols lasting 8 to 12 weeks, with a frequency of 2 to 3 sessions per week, yielded the best clinical outcomes. Conclusion: It is concluded that core-strengthening exercises associated with kinesiotherapy and the Pilates method are the most effective physiotherapeutic strategies for treating lumbar osteoarthritis in older adults. Professional supervision and individualized rehabilitation programs enhance clinical outcomes, promoting pain relief, improved function, and better quality of life.