Diversidade florística em áreas de nascente em ambientes urbanos: uma revisão bibliográfica com ênfase na conservação local

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Urban expansion has caused the fragmentation and degradation of natural ecosystems, directly affecting native vegetation around springs, which are sensitive and essential environments for maintaining biodiversity and water resources. River systems, including smaller ones such as springs and urban streams, are fundamental for environmental balance and human well-being, providing various ecosystem services such as water supply, erosion control, and microclimate maintenance (Baron et al., 2002; Sposito, 2017). This study aims to CONDUCT a bibliographic review on the floristic diversity in spring areas located in urban environments, analyzing its implications for local conservation. METHODOLOGY: The review was based on scientific articles, theses, and technical documents published in the last twenty years. RESULTS: The results indicate that urbanized springs generally have impoverished flora, dominated by exotic or ruderal species, which compromises their ecological and functional value (Durigan et al., 2011). In contrast, areas with native vegetation cover or undergoing restoration processes show higher floristic richness and ecological resilience. Floristic diversity thus proves to be an important indicator of the environmental health of these areas (Ribeiro et al., 2009). FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The discussions suggest that the conservation of vegetation around urban springs depends on integrated public policies, effective ecological restoration actions, and community engagement. It is recommended to use regional native species, create ecological corridors, and implement buffer zones. It is concluded that floristic diversity in urban springs should be incorporated into urban planning as an essential component of sustainable strategies.