Um estudo bibliográfico: Ovariectomia e Ovariohisterectomía e suas principais diferenças cirúrgicas em cadelas

Abstract

This report presents a comparative bibliographic review of ovariectomy (OVE) and ovariohysterectomy (OVH) surgical techniques in female dogs, developed during a supervised curricular internship at União de Goyazes Association (ASUG). The study addresses anatomical and physiological aspects of the canine female reproductive system, different available surgical approaches, their specific indications, benefits and associated risks. The research shows that OVE, characterized by removal of ovaries only, offers advantages such as shorter surgical time, reduced operative trauma and faster recovery, being especially indicated for young and healthy females. On the other hand, OVH, which involves complete removal of ovaries and uterus, remains the technique of choice for animals with history of uterine pathologies or older females, providing greater long-term prophylactic safety. The work also explores minimally invasive techniques, such as videolaparoscopy, which despite high costs and need for specialized equipment, represents an important evolution in veterinary surgery. The choice between techniques should consider factors such as animal age, clinical conditions, surgeon experience and available resources. Both procedures demonstrate efficacy in preventing mammary neoplasms, population control and elimination of estrus-related behaviors, contributing significantly to preventive veterinary medicine.