Avaliação da qualidade de vida de pacientes portadores de esclerose lateral amiotrófica com aplicação da escala alsaq-40/br sob tratamento em um centro público de reabilitação e readaptação do estado de Goiás.

Abstract

Introduction:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the most common motor neuron disease in adults, is a degenerative and lethal progressive entity that is characterized by progressive atrophy of the skeletal striated musculature, reaching the upper and lower limbs, speech and swallowing, resulting in impairment of functional activities, leading to death about three to five years after the onset of the first manifestations, whose mortality is mainly due to respiratory repercussion. The incidence of ALS in the world population is equivalent to 1.5 and 2.5 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. Males are slightly more affected than females, in a ratio of 1.5: 12.3. Materials and methods: Observational research, being a cross-sectional and quantitative study, that evaluates the quality of life through the application of the ALSAQ-40 / BR scale in 20 patients affected by ALS, under treatment in a Public Rehabilitation and Readaptation Center of the State of Goiás, of both sexes, aged between 35 and 79 years, carried out in the period of September 27 to October 7, 2016. Results: It was verified that all domains of the scale used were altered in the sample studied, observing that the maximum scores were in mobility (100 points), ADL 's (100 points) and emotional aspect (99.5 points) Score being attributed to communication (70 points) and the minimum to food (30 points). Discussion: Due to the results obtained in the questionnaire the domains of mobility and ADLs, and emotional aspect with higher scores, it is clear that they are the most affected due to muscular atrophy, this pathology leads to the total loss of functional independence, causing a shocking situation for the individual, Who finds himself imprisoned in his own body, developing contents of depression and anxiety. With smaller scores are the domains of feeding and communication, since, ALS causes motor disorders involving the structures responsible for the production of speech, speech and swallowing. Conclusion: In the face of the results, it was concluded that the quality of life of patients with ALS declines with the evolution of the disease, thus contributing to a decrease in their quality of life, and that they adapt to their limitations, valuing what still Is preserved.