A eficácia da intervenção em integração sensorial de ayres para crianças com transtorno do espectro autista (tea): uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in social interaction, communication and repetitive and restricted behaviors. A clinical manifestation that may be present to a greater or lesser extent in individuals with autism is sensory processing disorder (DPS). When a child has SPD, there is a difficulty in using the information received by the senses to be able to function efficiently in day-to-day activities. Sensory Integration (SI) theory, developed by occupational therapist Jean Ayres, was a pioneer in elucidating assumptions about the relationship between sensory processing, behavior, learning and development. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to learn about the effectiveness of the Ayres Sensory Integration intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder. METHODOLOGY: This is an integrative literature review. Data collection took place from January to May 2023, the databases used were Medline and Cochrane, and the defined descriptors were “Ayres Sensory Integration”, “Autism” and “Children”. Based on the results of the searches, the inclusion and exclusion criteria for selecting the studies were initially the evaluation of titles and abstracts. After selection, the full text was read and the selected articles were analyzed, except for those not available online due to the membership fee or the need to be enrolled in the publication journals. RESULTS: Among the selected studies, 77.77% pointed to improvements in motor and sensory tasks, occupational performance, self-care, socialization and achievement of individualized functioning and participation goals as measured by GAS, reinforcement of positive behaviors and reduction of disruptive behaviors in children with ASD. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: A significant number of articles (77.77%) point to positive results in relation to the intervention in Sensory Integration by Ayres in children with ASD, and therefore, corroborate the effectiveness of the treatment.