Terapia ocupacional e paralisia cerebral: a integração sensorial aplicada aos quadriplégicos espásticos

Abstract

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a non-progressive chronic encephalopathy, the most common cause of physical disability, characterized by a group of developmental disorders of movement and posture that affects usually children, who had changes in the development of premature brain by perinatal causes, prenatal and postnatal. Its prevalence affects approximately 1.5 and 2.5 per 1,000 live births. This study aims to increase knowledge about PC development in quadriplegic spastic form, the most common that affects 70-75% of cases. Focusing on the approach of the theory of Sensory Integration (SI), assisting in normal development, functionality to perform activities independently, and sensory stimulation for more pleasurable and wellness experiences. Doing a literature review, qualitative which aims to demonstrate the main forms of assistance under sensorimotor rehabilitation, practice and modulation of adaptive response to the external environment. In this sense, the occupational therapist acts as a facilitator and inhibitor of sensory stimuli offered to the PC of a patient, so that the central nervous system (CNS) to process effectively the information and thus respond according to the intensity of this stimulus, facilitating neurodevelopment. Therefore, occupational therapy emerges as mediator of this process for a better quality of life, independence and well-being in Activities of Daily Living (ADL's), and Practical Life Activities (AVP's).