Intercorrências associadas ao uso do ácido hialurônico injetável em procedimentos estéticos faciais: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Hyaluronic acid (HA) is used in aesthetics for facial hydration and filling, but it can cause risks such as embolization and compression of vessels, affecting blood flow. These complications can occur shortly after or even weeks after the procedure, making it essential that qualified professionals perform the application using safe techniques. OBJECTIVES: To conduct a bibliographic review on the complications associated with the use of injectable HA in facial aesthetic procedures. METHODOLOGY: This is a literature review based on scientific articles. The following databases were used to collect data: Virtual Health Library (VHL), MEDLINE, Scielo, Pubmed, Google Scholar and CAPES Thesis Bank. The research was carried out with articles published in the last 5 years (2019-2024), and carried out with the following descriptors: “complications”, “hyaluronic acid”, “aesthetics” and “filling”. RESULTS: Based on the results obtained, the use of HA in aesthetic procedures offers many benefits, but also presents risks of complications that cannot be disregarded. It is essential that health professionals have anatomical knowledge and apply appropriate and safe facial harmonization techniques. Hyaluronidase is an excellent treatment resource for complications caused by the use of HA, but monitoring after application is essential, ensuring the effectiveness of the treatment and avoiding other adverse reactions. CONCLUSION or FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: This study highlighted the main complications associated with the use of hyaluronic acid (HA), ranging from mild effects, such as edema and pain, to serious ones, such as tissue necrosis and vision loss. The importance of safe techniques, anatomical knowledge and the use of hyaluronidase was reinforced to minimize risks. It is concluded that continuous training of professionals and careful planning are essential to ensure safety and efficacy in aesthetic procedures.