Diabetes mellitus gestacional: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The aim of this study is to understand through a literature review on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, verifying its main consequences and risk factors for the development of the disease during pregnancy, ways of prevention and treatment. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus has a significant impact on the health of the mother and baby. Women with GDM are at higher risk of pregnancy complications, such as pre-eclampsia, preterm delivery and macrosomia, as well as postpartum complications, such as a higher risk of GDM in subsequent pregnancies and the development of type II diabetes up to 25 years after childbirth. The main objective of the treatment of gestational diabetes is the reduction of microvascular and macro vascular complications of the disease for the pregnant woman, since the treatment

should not be aimed only at controlling the patient's glycemia. For this, there is non- medication and medication treatment. This is a bibliographic, exploratory study

carried out through a literature review. GDM is associated with a greater risk of adverse health outcomes for both mothers and children, not only during the perinatal phase, but also in the long term. Thus, the prevention and management of GDM must be of sufficient importance during pregnancy, that is, before pregnancy, during pregnancy and postpartum.