Perfil lipídico e risco cardiovascular em idosos de um asilo da cidade de Trindade-Go

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the lipid profile and risk of cardiovascular disease in the elderly of an asylum in the municipality of Trindade-GO. This is a descriptive and experimental study based on laboratory tests. Biochemical measurements were performed from the serum samples to analyze the lipid profile and verified cardiovascular risk using the Castelli I Index (CT / HDL-c ratio) and Castelli II Index (LDL-c / HDL-c). Twelve elderly people, mean age 80.61 years old, participated in the study, of which 7 were male and 5 were female. According to cardiovascular risk, the results showed that 2 of the female elderly presented an increased cardiovascular risk, expressing higher Castelli I and II indexes. Four elderly males expressed higher Castelli I indexes and another 2 had the highest II index. In the lipid profile of female subjects, 40% (2) of the elderly women had borderline CT, 60% (3) expressed desirable values; the VLDL of 20% (1) was altered and the LDL of 20% (1) showed a very high value. Forty percent (2) of the elderly had low-HDL. In the lipid profile of the male population, 14.3% (1) of the elderly had borderline CT and 85.7% (6) had desirable values; 28.5% (2) presented increased TG and 71.4% (5) desirable values. One hundred percent (7) of the elderly had low HDL. VLDL of 28.5% (2) was high and LDL of 57.14% (4) was borderline. The results observed since the study are in agreement with studies of other authors, where increases in cholesterol and triglyceride levels were observed in elderly of both genders, especially in the female. It is a marked disturbance in HDL levels in the male gender. The predominant type of dyslipidemia found in the study was HDL levels that were 100% reduced in men, whereas in women, the levels of cholesterol increased. Some events such as the existence of heart problems, high blood pressure, diabetes are more common in the elderly, and may also generate secondary dyslipidemias. This fact is that most of the elderly participants of this study makes use of antidepressive drugs, antihypertensive drugs, regulators of heart rhythm disorders and antidiabetics. It is important that further studies be conducted to investigate the public over 60 years old, which has grown in large scale in Brazil and the world, due to the increase in life expectancy.