Revisão sobre epidemiologia de Rotavírus do grupo a pós vacinação obrigatória

Abstract

Rotavirus (RV) are enteric viruses that cause approximately 611,000 deaths per year in children aged under five around the world, and also an important cause of morbidity in children in this age group. These viruses are members of the family Reoviridae, genus Rotavirus. Rotaviruses are divided into 7 groups (AG). Since the RV group A, the most frequently found in all animal species and most important pathogen in humans. There are, to date, 19 G genotypes and 28 P genotypes of group A rotavirus, and combinations G1 [P8], G2 [P4], G3 [P8], G4 [P8] represent over 90% of all combinations found worldwide. Knowledge of the most prevalent genotype worldwide is of paramount importance for the development of vaccines against rotavirus. The first RV vaccine was licensed in 1998, initially in the United States and later, other vaccines have been developed and introduced populations in various parts of the world, contributing to a possible change in the overall epidemiological pattern of these agents. Currently, we use the monovalent vaccine, Rotarix (Latin America) and pentavalent, RotaTeq (the United States and some European countries). Studies in Latin America and European countries show the effectiveness of these vaccines and changes in viral movement influenced by them. Thus, we expect a detailed review of RVA genotypes circulating in different parts of the world, before and after implementation of vaccines may provide important information about the epidemiology of AR as well as the efficacy of the vaccines used today.