Caracterização de pessoas com diabetes tipo 2 na região Noroeste de Goiânia

Abstract

The study aimed to characterize individuals affected by type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in the northwest region of Goiânia. The research was conducted in eight drugstores and pharmacies that serve the health district of this region. It was a descriptive and exploratory study with field research, in which a data collection form was applied to 100 individuals over 18 years of age diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus who sought medication for DM2 treatment. The results showed that most participants were female, with an average age of 57.5 years, earning between one and two minimum wages per month. About 58% of the participants presented complications such as hypertension and dyslipidemia. Regarding weight, 44% were at an ideal weight, 50% were overweight, 4% were obese, and 2% were underweight. Concerning pharmacological treatment, the most commonly used therapy among the interviewed patients was the combination of metformin and glibenclamide. Individuals who practiced physical activity, performed glycemic monitoring, maintained a healthy diet, and had good lifestyle habits showed significant improvements in DM2 treatment and glycemic control. It is concluded that the pharmacist plays a crucial role in guiding diabetic patients, especially due to the low level of education in this group, which is associated with low income and limited access to healthcare services and health information. The incorporation of dietary habits rich in fiber and fruits, along with regular physical activity, has shown improvements in treatment effectiveness for patients in general. Self-monitoring should also be emphasized and incorporated into the daily routine of diabetic patients, in addition to public health campaigns focused on these individuals, particularly to improve health education through a multidisciplinary team approach in diabetes care.