Implicações da aspergilose nosocomial em pacientes transplantados de medula óssea

Abstract

This study discusses the implications of nosocomial aspergillosis in patients with bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Aspergillosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients, particularly those undergoing bone marrow. Furthermore, it is the main cause of nosocomial pneumonia in units of BMT. Nosocomial infections are infections caused by an imbalance between the human microbiota and host defense mechanisms due to several factors. Bone marrow transplantation has been widely used as a curative therapy for adults and children in a variety of disorders such as aplastic anemia, hemoglobinopathies, acute and chronic leukemia, lymphoma and myeloma. Thus, the aim is to show how the transplantation process and possible complications, emphasizing the fungal genus Aspergillus infections presenting with high prevalence of isolation of these patients occurs. Furthermore, knowledge about the use of immunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of transplant patients is necessary, because these drugs aims at weakening the immune system of patients, when associated with a nosocomial infection demonstrates considerable mortality. Faced with possible infections affecting hospitalized patients, invasive aspergillosis disease caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus, has a high mortality rate. Thus, early detection of these fungi can be of paramount importance for the treatment and thus avoid poor prognosis of the patient. Therefore, this study may provide insight for better understanding of the risks that invasive aspergillosis offers patients transplanted hematopoietic stem cells, demonstrating the need for preventive care for infections caused by these fungi.