Perfil epidemiológico da sífilis congênita e gestacional na região centro-oeste do brasil (2019-2024)

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological profile of congenital and gestational syphilis in the Central-West region of Brazil from 2019 to 2024. METHODOLOGY: This is a descriptive and retrospective epidemiological study, conducted using secondary data obtained from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and the Ministry of Health. RESULTS: From 2019 to 2024, the Central-West Region registered a sustained increase in syphilis notifications. Notably, the 30-39 age group was the most affected in gestational syphilis, representing 22,770 cases, while in congenital syphilis the predominant age group among mothers was 20-29 years, with 5,280 notifications; both age groups comprise young women in their reproductive years.

Regarding the sociodemographic profile, 24,858 women self-identified as mixed- race/brown, and 5,904 had low levels of education (incomplete primary education).

Latent syphilis was the predominant clinical form (42%). Regarding healthcare, it was identified that in 59.00% of cases of congenital syphilis, mothers received prenatal care. CONCLUSION: The results indicate the need to strengthen public health in the areas surrounding capital cities and metropolitan regions, areas with the highest notification rates in the Central-West region. The persistence of vertical transmission is associated with the spread of the disease to the interior of the country, social vulnerability, and late diagnosis. The inclusion of clinical pharmacy is strategic to improve prenatal care, ensure adherence to Benzathine Penicillin G, and promote multidisciplinary integration, aiming to mitigate the adverse outcomes of syphilis in the region.