Inspeção ante mortem e post mortem principais ocorrências no abate sanitário de bovinos e prevenção: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Cattle farming in Brazil plays an essential role in the economy, with the country being one of the world's largest exporters of beef. Meat safety and quality are fundamental to public health and maintaining access to national and international markets. In the production process, ante-mortem and post-mortem inspections in slaughterhouses aim to ensure that only meat fit for human consumption is marketed, while also allowing the identification of pathological alterations that can lead to partial or total condemnation of carcasses. Thus, this review aimed to address the main pathological alterations responsible for partial and total condemnations of bovine carcasses during ante-mortem and post-mortem inspection, as well as to discuss the sanitary and economic impacts associated with these losses. The methodology used was based on a descriptive and qualitative literature review, carried out through the analysis of scientific articles, legislation, books, and publications related to the sanitary inspection of bovine carcasses, condemnations in slaughterhouses, and public health. Literature review has shown that sanitary inspection is fundamental to ensuring food safety and preventing zoonoses in the beef production chain. Carcass condemnations are associated with both infectious diseases and management and transportation failures, generating significant economic impacts. Therefore, the integration of inspection, good sanitary practices, and technical training is essential to reduce losses and ensure the quality of Brazilian livestock production.