Fertilização in vitro em gado de corte

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Several breeding programs and groups emerged in Brazil in the 1990s, associations of cattle ranchers, which, in partnership with research institutions, performed genetic evaluation for various breeds of cattle, used a variety of selection criteria that had evolved considerably over the years. Over the decades, biotechnological evolution and knowledge in genetics have been key factors that have improved our breeding and brought us great yields. In view of the impossibility of breeding purebred European breeds in most of the country's production systems, we sought genotypes adapted to our climate conditions, but with productive characteristics similar to those of European animals, resulting from selection processes of Centuries. IVF is considered the third generation of biotechnologies applied to the reproduction of the animals, after Artificial Insemination (AI) and Embryo Transfer (ET). It is an essentially laboratory technique, capable of multiplying genetic material judged superiors faster and at lower cost. Many reproductive biotechnologies are available for maximizing reproductive rates, but some such as embryo transfer (ET) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) are of high implantation cost and need for specific and differentiated management, so Restricted to the elite seedlings, multipliers of the best genetic available.