Alterações hematológicas em pacientes com hiv associadas à terapia antirretroviral: uma revisão integrativa (2015–2025)

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the hematological alterations observed in patients living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) related to the use of Antiretroviral Therapy (ART), through a literature review of studies published between 2015 and 2025. METHODOLOGY: This study is an integrative literature review with a descriptive and exploratory approach. The included studies were assessed for methodological quality using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool, an organization responsible for developing guidelines for different types of reviews. RESULTS: Anemia was the main hematological alteration identified (92.31%), followed by leukopenia (38.46%) and thrombocytopenia (30.77%). Antiretroviral therapy improved hematological parameters, although some therapeutic regimens, especially those containing zidovudine, were associated with a higher risk of anemia. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Hematological parameters are important tools for the clinical follow-up of these patients, contributing to the initial assessment and to the monitoring of infection treatment.