Uso de analgesia preemptiva em cirurgia oral: revisão de literatura

Abstract

Introduction: preemptive analgesia is a treatment modality whose basic principle is the administration of analgesics before the occurrence of painful stimuli, preventing postoperative pain. Aim: to understand the possible benefits of preemptive analgesia, as well as to identify the main drugs and dosages. Methodology: this is a systematic narrative review using the PICO strategy adapted to search for articles on the PubMed electronic platform. After screening for titles and abstracts, eligible articles were read in full to obtain the included works. Results: there is support in the literature regarding the benefits provided by preemptive analgesia. In the group of centrally acting analgesics, the most used drug was tramadol 50 mg; of peripheral action ibuprofen 400 mg; in NSAIDs diclofenac 50 mg, ketorolac 30 mg and ketoprofen 150 mg with more benefits reported in the use of ketorolac; and of the AES, dexamethasone 4mg was the most used. Conclusion: the benefits of preemptive analgesia are supported by the literature, despite the need for more studies with a high level of scientific evidence. This article can be a starting point to guide the dental surgeon in his professional routine and develop a critical sense.