Linfoma de hodgkin: uma revisão narrativa

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Lymphoma or Hodgkin's disease is a type of cancer that originates in the lymphatic system and spreads in an orderly manner, from one group of lymph nodes to another, through the lymphatic vessels. OBJECTIVE: To present the characteristics known so far about Hodgkin's lymphoma. METHODOLOGY: A qualitative narrative review was carried out in November and December 2021. The bibliographic search was carried out in the search system for health information of the US National Library of Medicine and in the virtual health library, using the descriptor "disease of Hodgkin". The following search criteria were used: full articles published in the last ten years in Portuguese and English. A manual search was also performed in the references of the articles resulting from the search. RESULTS: Hodgkin's Lymphoma is a B-cell neoplasm of the germinal center or post-center. Neoplastic cells are called Reed-Sternberg and Hodgkin cells or Lymphocyte Predominant cells. The manifestation usually presents an asymmetric enlargement of peripheral lymph nodes, painless on palpation or spontaneously firm and separated, and their diameter may change during the course of the pathology. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The etiology of Hodgkin's lymphoma has not yet been defined, however, its appearance is attributed to factors related to the patient, such as genetic causes and immunocompromise, as well as factors related to the environment and its interactions with the organism, such as exposure to radiation and diseases. infectious. It is a clinical entity characterized by intense involvement of lymphoid tissue, which becomes infiltrated by malignant cells, which spread throughout the body.