O uso de medicamentos para o tratamento da doença de alzheimer: uma revisão de literatura

Abstract

Alzheimer’s desease (A.D) is a pathology of neurodegenerative action which deteriorates the individual’s cognitive functions according to its evolution. The first clinical symptom presented by patients is the recent memory disability, as long as the earliest memories remain up to a certain stage of the desease. The cure for this deasease has not been discovered yet, but the existing treatment has the function to relay the advance of the desease and provide a better quality of life for the patient. This study in a scientific character aimed to carry out a bibliographic search which seeks to hade the use of medications in Alzheimer’s Desease treatment. The research was structured based on scientific contents that were published about the topic and presented the original and fully available articles which were published between 2008 and 2018 as cryterion of inclusion and the works that miss the subject and the date of release determined for the elaboration of this paper criterion of exclusion. The A.D. diagnosis is divided in three possibilities: Alzheimer’s desease possible, probable and definitive. From the diagnosis, a line of drug treatment with low initial doses that gradually increase according to what is observed on daily patient. The main medicines indicated are: Donepezila, Galantamina, Rivastigmina and Memantina. For a better response to the drug treatment, alternative treatments must also be used. For patients to access the medications under Sistema Único de Saúde, it is necessary that the prescriber elaborates a Request, A valuation and Authorization of Medications (LME). The legal responsible for the patient must add a series of documents to the LME, so to construct a request process that is submitted to the Secretary of Health, so that, after the aproval, the patient may withdraw the medication periodically at a place determined by the Secretary of Health. As the available medicines are palliative and do not avoid the desease development, the treatments by means of joint evaluations of several health-care professionals in a more effective multidisciplinary team model are necessary, besides more effective therapeutical development, whose positive treatment effects result in a better performance in daily life activities and in the subjective global improvement of the patients.