Avaliação de enzimas hepáticas em voluntários etilistas, ex-usuários e não etilistas do município Campestre de Goiás, 2018

Abstract

The abusive use of alcohol is a social practice that guarantees the individual several homeostatic changes in the body, especially in the liver, organ in which most of the ethanol metabolization occurs. The constant use of this psychoactive substance guarantees an excess in the production of acetaldehyde that has a relevant toxicity to the hepatocytes, giving rise to chronic hepatopathies, such as alcoholic hepatitis or cirrhosis. Liver pathologies ensure that hepatocyte lesions occur, promoting intracellular enzyme extravasation - such as alanine

aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Gamma- Glutamyl Transferase (GGT), where they are dosed with laboratory tests to

measure the health of the liver. A descriptive study of the experimental type was used in 78 volunteers from the city of Campestre de Goiás, who agreed to allow the evaluation of the activity of these enzymes in their serum sample. It was identified that 50.0% of the study volunteers had some chronic disease, which explains the fact that 32.2% of the non-alcoholics showed an increase in transaminases, especially the ALT, while the alcoholists accounted for 55.5% of elevation of the GGT - being 31.8% in men between 30 and 39 years, which proves their sensitivity to alcohol. Changes were more frequent in males (n = 28) and the most incident age range was between 30 and 39 years (n = 14). It was found that 68.7% of the alcoholics with enzymatic alterations made abusive use

for more than 10 years and they all consumed alcohol weekly and 16.0% of non- alcoholics showed a simultaneous increase of the GT and AST ranges.