Incidência do câncer de pele diagnosticado em usuários de um laboratório da rede privada na região central de Goiânia

Abstract

Introduction: Basal Cell Carcinoma (CBC) of skin cancers is the most common in Brazil, emphasizing that it is four times more frequent than squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). According to INCA, the exact number of individuals with BCC or SCC is not known because in most countries these neoplasms are not reported in cancer registries. Objective: The present study aimed to quantify new cases of skin cancer diagnosed in patients with a laboratory of the private network in the central region of Goiania in the period of two years. Methodology: The records of the anatomopathological biopsy reports and only reports that presented diagnoses of some histological type of skin cancer Basal Cell Carcinoma (CBC), Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC), Sebaceous Carcinoma (CS) and / or Malignant Melanoma in the January 2016 through December 2017 were included in the study. Diagnoses not associated with any of the skin cancers, results outside the period stipulated for the conduct of the research were excluded from this study. Diagnoses not associated with any of the skin cancers, results outside the period stipulated for the conduct of the research were excluded from this study. It was considered only a result with diagnosis of skin cancer for patients who performed more than one biopsy. The following variables were used: gender, date of birth, age at collection, divided into four groups (20 to 39, 40 to 59, 60 to 79, and above 80 years), date of release of the test result, diagnosis, and region of the body. Incidence was calculated according to age and the most affected gender, the most frequent type and the region of the body most affected. The research complied with the guidelines contained in items I, II, III, IV, V and VI of Resolution No. 466 of December 12, 2012 and was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Uniao de Goyazes Faculty for opinion nº 03 / 2018- 1. Results: 453 new cases of skin cancer were diagnosed. Approximately 75.1% (n = 335) were BCC, 22.5% (n = 110) CEC, 0.8% (n = 2) CS and 1.7% (n = 6) MM. Conclusion: Women were the most affected by this malignant neoplasm with 60.49% (275) of the diagnoses, where CBC 44.81% (203) presented the highest number of cases. The region of the body most affected was head in general 60.49% (n = 274). The highest prevalence age was between the 6th and 7th decades of life for both genders with 46.4% (n = 210), but the female presented a high incidence. Patients with brown skin color, predominant in the Midwest, had the highest number of cases. This study showed that the female gender was the most affected, but when other factors are observed, women due to their extreme vanity, seek more medical care, are more concerned about health and have a greater skin care; while men, for the most part, yearn for care. It is suggested that continuous preventive campaigns be carried out to raise awareness among the population about the risk factors of this morbidity to avoid harmful effects on health.