Coinfecção Tuberculose/ HIV no Brasil

Abstract

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a retrovirus Lentiviridae family responsible for Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (HIV / AIDS). HIV settles in cells of the immune system responsible for defending the body, the most affected cells are helper T lymphocytes, which have on their surface CD4 + molecule that controls the specific response against viruses and bacteria. At the time that the immune system is compromised it appears opportunistic diseases such as tuberculosis which is one of the most frequent in patients with HIV. The sera positive for HIV increases the risk of infection by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) HIV has changed the balance between humans and the Koch bacillus, triggering a major impact on the epidemiology and evolution of clinical tuberculosis. The TB / HIV results in increased mortality rates than just HIV infection. Thus, the aim of this study is to conduct a systemic review of TB / HIV and its consequences for affected individuals and strategies for control.