Abordagem cirúrgica odontológica em pacientes com doença renal crônica: desafios e cuidados - revisão de literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) encompasses a group of conditions that impair kidney function for more than three months, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality. Classified into five stages, CKD requires specific interventions that significantly impact dental management, particularly during surgical procedures. Dentists face notable challenges, such as an increased risk of complications and the need for treatment adjustments, highlighting the complexity of providing dental care to patients with CKD. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the main challenges and considerations in the dental management of patients with CKD undergoing surgical procedures. Specifically, the study aims to identify common clinical complications, review guidelines and management strategies recommended in the literature, and propose best practices to ensure safe and effective care. METHODOLOGY: This is a review that includes scientific articles such as systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical

studies published between 2014 and 2024. Inclusion criteria comprise studies related to dental practice in patients with CKD, while exclusion criteria rule out publications focused solely on acute kidney diseases or those not addressing the relationship between CKD and dental procedures. CONCLUSION: Dental care for patients with chronic kidney disease requires special attention due to immunological, infectious, and hemodynamic risks. Careful selection of anesthetics, monitoring of systemic parameters, and interdisciplinary collaboration with the medical team are essential to ensure safe and effective treatment.