A ação terapêutica de concentrado de hemácias em recém- nascidos: uma revisão bibliográfica

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The transfusion of red blood cell concentrate (RBC) is essential in neonatology, particularly for preterm and very low-birth-weight infants, due to hematopoietic immaturity and frequent blood losses from clinical procedures. However, the literature still discusses ideal indication criteria, related risks, and the safest transfusion protocols. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the importance and risks of red blood cell transfusion in newborns and preterm infants based on recent scientific literature. METHODOLOGY: An integrative literature review was conducted using SciELO, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, including studies published between 2010 and 2025 in Portuguese and English. Articles addressing neonatal transfusion indications, complications, and protocols were included. RESULTS: Recent studies highlight a shift toward restrictive protocols and individualized clinical decisions to increase safety and reduce complications, such as necrotizing enterocolitis and circulatory overload. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is concluded that RBC transfusion remains essential in neonatal care but requires standardized criteria, updated protocols, and integrated multidisciplinary action. Biomedical professionals play a key role in ensuring transfusion quality and safety.