As contribuições do treinamento de força na longevidade e na preservação da autonomia funcional da população idosa: Uma revisão de literatura.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Aging is associated with the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, a condition known as sarcopenia, which significantly impairs the functional

autonomy and quality of life of the elderly (CRUZ-JENTOFT et al., 2019; MARIANO et al., 2013). Strength training emerges as an effective intervention to prevent disabilities and promote active longevity, particularly by enhancing muscle strength, mobility, and psychological well-being (WESLAYNE, 2021; MENDONÇA et al., 2018). OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of strength training on the preservation of functional autonomy and the increase in longevity among the elderly, analyzing the main physical, psychological, and metabolic benefits reported in the literature. METHODOLOGY: A bibliographic review was conducted on studies published between 1997 and 2025, using databases such as PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, and BVS. A total of 20 relevant studies were included, focusing on the effects of strength training in the elderly population, particularly regarding gains in muscle strength, fall prevention, and improvements in quality of life. RESULTS: The findings indicate that strength training significantly enhances muscle strength, especially in the lower limbs, while contributing to the maintenance of autonomy and the reduction of fall risk (CAMACHO et al., 2021; MOREIRA et al., 2022). Additionally, the intervention positively impacted the quality of life of the elderly, reducing depressive symptoms and improving self-esteem (MCMAHON et al., 2017). Strength training also contributes to the improvement of cardiovascular parameters, such as blood pressure reduction and increased insulin sensitivity (LIMA et al., 2020). CONCLUSION: The study concludes that strength training should be encouraged as a fundamental component in promoting the health and longevity of the elderly, ensuring not only the preservation of physical functionality but also fostering psychological and social well-being. Strategies to ensure adherence to regular practice, with adequate supervision, are essential to achieve safe and effective outcomes.