Bruxismo: etiologia e possibilidades de tratamento

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Bruxism is characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions of the masseter muscles and excessive grinding of the teeth. It is a commonly neglected but significant condition. Symptoms may manifest during wakefulness or sleep and include primary and secondary forms. OBJECTIVE: To understand, through a literature review, bruxism, its etiologies, classifications, and scientifically evidenced forms of treatment. METHODOLOGY: Data collection was carried out in health databases such as the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), from 2014 to 2024. RESULTS: According to the published articles, it was demonstrated through several case reports and studies, the evidence for the treatment of bruxism is still low. Different treatment modalities (behavioral techniques, intraoral devices such as myorelaxant appliances and splints, medications, TXB-A, analog and digital clinical protocol combined with ceramic restorations) have been demonstrated in several studies. Some types of medications are also used to reduce the symptoms. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: Bruxism has been shown to lead to damage to teeth and restorations. Dentists must be aware of the potential etiology, have accurate and especially early diagnosis, pathophysiology and management strategies to better advise patients and choose the best form of treatment.