Alinhadores ortodônticos suas vantagens e desvantagens – revisão de literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Orthodontic aligners offer a more aesthetic and discreet alternative compared to traditional fixed appliances that use metal and/or ceramic brackets. Aligners address the growing demand for discreet and effective orthodontic treatments. The study also highlights their benefits while discussing the limitations of aligners in more complex cases, where conventional appliances may be more effective. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a literature review on aligners, evaluating their indications, advantages, and disadvantages in the treatment of different types of malocclusion. METHODOLOGY: This study was conducted through a strategic research approach with a descriptive objective and a literature review. The research focused on addressing the advantages, disadvantages, and indications of orthodontic aligners. To support the development of this study, the PUBMED and Scielo databases were used, with articles published between 2014 and 2024. RESULTS: The study’s findings included nine articles that aligned with the proposed objective. These articles highlighted the dental movements achieved with orthodontic aligners, addressing both their advantages—such as flexibility of use—and disadvantages, including lower efficacy in complex dental movements. Additionally, they discussed how the use of auxiliary devices has expanded their indications. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is concluded that aligners are effective for anteroposterior and transverse movements, making them suitable for mild to moderate malocclusions, but they present limitations in vertical movements, rotations, and more complex cases. The study acknowledges certain limitations, emphasizing the need for future research to achieve a more in-depth understanding.