Avaliação do perfil sociodemográfico e do grau de displasia de pacientes com queilite actínica

Abstract

Introduction: Actinic cheilitis is a pre-malignant lesion that belongs to the group of potentially malignant disorders. These disorders are lesions that originate in the epithelium and present a greater risk of becoming a malignant neoplasm over time, if the causal factor is not removed. The recognition and diagnosis of actinic cheilitis can contribute to the early diagnosis and prevention of the emergence of squamous cell carcinoma of the lip. Objective: To evaluate the sociodemographic profile and degree of dysplasia of patients with actinic cheilitis. Materials and Methods: Sixty-four medical records and samples of actinic cheilitis were selected and analyzed from the archives of the Pathology Laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry of the State University of Paraíba and the archives of the Pathology Laboratory of the Faculty of Dentistry of the Federal University of Goiás. Sociodemographic data (ethnicity, sex, age group and profession) were extracted from the referral forms for histopathological examination and the degree of epithelial dysplasia of the specimens was classified as proposed by Kujan and collaborators (2006) into low and high risk of malignant transformation. Results: Actinic cheilitis is more prevalent in Caucasian individuals (54.7%), males (70.3%) and with an average age of 53 years (82.8%). About 65.6% of patients reported chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Regarding the degree of dysplasia, approximately 45% of individuals presented a low risk of malignant transformation and 55% a high risk of transformation. Conclusion: Actinic cheilitis is more prevalent in Caucasian men in the 5th decade of life and with a history of chronic exposure to ultraviolet radiation. According to the classification proposed by Kujan and collaborators (2006), there were no major differences in the percentages of individuals at low and high risk of malignant transformation in this study.