Etiologia multifatorial do bruxismo do sono em odontopediatria: revisão de literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Sleep bruxism is the involuntary and repetitive activity of the chewing muscles, which can be rhythmic (phasic) and non-rhythmic (tonic - sustained contraction). It originates in the central nervous system, with dopamine being the main neurotransmitter involved in the process, in addition to associated factors, such as genetics, stress, airway obstruction, sleeping habits and neurological changes. OBJECTIVES: To investigate, based on a review of the scientific literature, the current perspective of the multifactorial etiology of sleep bruxism in pediatric dentistry. METHODOLOGY: This is a literature review study to verify the available evidence on the current perspectives of the etiological factors of sleep bruxism in pediatric dentistry. In turn, searches will be carried out in electronic health databases. The data will be presented through quantitative and qualitative description. RESULTS: It was possible to observe that the etiology of bruximus is complex and multivariate, involving a variety of factors. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that, in this review of the literature, the etiology of bruxism in childhood is multifactorial, with some risk factors being more preponderant, such as psychological and psychosocial factors, airway obstruction and sleep disorders.