Hipomineralização molar-incisivo: revisão da literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative abnormality in the development of tooth enamel. Clinically, it may be misdiagnosed as fluorosis, hypoplasia and amelogenesis imperfecta. Depending on the severity, MIH can appear in white, yellow and brown. OBJECTIVES: To investigate, based on a review of scientific literature databases, evidence on MIH, its possible differential diagnoses and treatments. METHODOLOGY: The literature survey was conducted over the last ten years, with scientific articles selected through a search in the PubMed, Scielo and Lilacs databases. The search strategy was carried out using the following keywords registered in the descriptors in health sciences (DeCS), “Molar-Incisor Hypomineralization”, “Oral Diagnosis” and “Tooth Enamel Hypoplasia”. After complete reading, the articles that met the inclusion criteria were: articles that included the assessment of MIH and its possible differential diagnoses and treatments. RESULTS: Of the 15 studies included, it was observed that the differential diagnoses for MIH were defined through clinical aspects such as: the quality/quantity of enamel, color, region and number of affected teeth. The most recommended treatments were: in mild cases with marked opacities - tooth whitening; in hypomineralized molars - application of sealants; in more severe cases - restorative treatment. These techniques have demonstrated good results, enabling a better quality of life for patients. CONCLUSION: Knowledge about MIH is extremely important in dental practice, as, through correct diagnosis, an appropriate treatment plan can be drawn up for each case, providing comfort and safety to those affected by MIH.