Fatores determinantes para tomada de decisão entre enxerto gengival livre e subepitelial: revisão da literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The choice between free gingival graft and subepithelial graft in gingival reconstruction surgery continues to be a relevant and debated topic in dentistry. OBJECTIVE: To investigate, based on a review of the literature, the determining factors that contribute to decision-making regarding free gingival and subepithelial graft techniques. METHODOLOGY: A literature review study was carried out to verify the available evidence from the last five years on subepithelial and free gingival graft techniques, having observed functional and aesthetic results, as well as in terms of postoperative pain after surgery. surgical procedure, in order to clarify the determining factors for decision-making regarding autogenous grafts. To this end, searches were carried out in the electronic health database, such as MEDLINE through PubMed. References considered relevant and those that met the inclusion criteria were fully analyzed. The data were presented through a description of the included studies after complete reading. RESULTS: From the studies included, it was observed that the subepithelial graft technique presented satisfactory results for the patient compared to the free gingival graft technique, especially by providing a better aesthetic appearance, optimization of root tissue coverage and a lower level of post-operative pain. operative. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that, in this review of the literature, the determining factors that contributed to the decision-making between free and subepithelial gingival grafts involved the aesthetics, function and stability of the surgical procedure, in addition to the appropriate thickness of the autogenous graft technique and longevity functionality of the selected technique.