Complicações pós cirúrgicas de extração dos terceiros molares: revisão da literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The surgery of the third molar or wisdom tooth, as it is popularly called, is frequent in the routine of dental offices, however, it still causes numerous complications. OBJECTIVES: to recognize in the literature the main accidents and complications related to third molar surgery. METHODOLOGY: This is a bibliographic, exploratory study carried out through a literature review. The research was carried out in the Virtual Health Library (BVS), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Information System (LILACS), National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), in the period of 2012 to 2022. RESULTS: In most studies, the most frequent complications were in the lower teeth, such as pain, alveolitis, in addition to mandibular fracture. In one study it showed difficulty in chewing followed by ecchymosis. Increasing age and bone removal increased the risk of postoperative complications. The most prevalent sex of complication is female. Therefore, a careful review of the indications and the need for an extraction should be considered preoperatively. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The extraction of third molars is often associated with expected and typically transient postoperative pain, swelling and trismus; however, sometimes this pain may present beyond the first postoperative week and may require additional treatment, such as placement of a bandage or administration of antibiotics during a follow-up visit.