Prevalência de anomalias dentarias em pacientes com canino impactado

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Impaction of canine teeth is commonly associated with dental anomalies, such as apical root dilacerations, increased coronary volume and width of the folicule of the impacted tooth, and decreased volume of the lateral incisors roots. The impacted canine may be displaced towards the palatal or buccal side, and few studies have investigated the association between the side where the tooth is impacted and the presence of anomalies. AIM: To evaluate the frequency of dental anomalies associated with impacted canines displaced to the buccal and palatal sides. METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional observational study of patients with impacted maxillary canine teeth. The sample

of this study was 65 patients with impacted canine with cone beam computed tomography, between the period of 2015 and 2020. The clinical- demographic data were collected from the registration form of the radiological clinic. Anomalies were evaluated and identified on tomography.

RESULTS: The impacted canine was more prevalent in females and the most affected side was the left. The displacement of the impacted tooth to palatal was more common than to the buccal. Dental anomalies were found in 25 cases (38.5%), however, four of them had more than one anomaly, so the total number of identified dental anomalies was 29. The dilaceration was the most observed anomaly, in 22 patients (33.8%), corresponding to 75.86% of the anomalies. The dilacerations were more prevalent in the impacted canines (14 cases, 63.6%), followed by lateral incisors (three cases, 13.6%). Conoid lateral incisors were present in four patients (6.15%). Agenesis (superior second premolar), hypercementosis (canine) and supernumerary tooth were observed in one patient each. Considering the displacement to palatal (n = 39) or vestibular (n = 26), 14 patients of the buccal group and 15 of the palatal group had some type of anomaly. The dilaceration was found in nine patients in the buccal group (81.8%) and in 13 patients of the palatal (86.7%). There were no statistically significant differences regarding the presence of anomalies between the groups. CONCLUSION: Dilaceration was the most common anomaly found in the studied cases, regardless of the side of the impacted canine displacement. There are no differences between the prevalence of dental anomalies between buccal and palatal impacted canines.