Sensibilidade após clareamento dental: revisão de literatura

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The change in the color of the teeth is one of the main reasons for the discontent of patients, therefore, aesthetic procedures such as tooth whitening have been widely sought and performed. The bleaching procedures are performed with agents based on carbamide peroxide or hydrogen peroxide. OBJECTIVES: To perform a literature review on the main causes of tooth sensitivity after tooth whitening. METHODOLOGY: The present study is an exploratory and descriptive study carried out through a literature review. For data collection, a search was made in virtual health databases, specifically in the Virtual Health Library - VHL. RESULTS: whitening is a safe, conservative and effective technique that restores aesthetics and contributes to the patient's self-esteem, in addition to being a fast, safe and minimally invasive procedure. Even though it is a safe and non-invasive procedure, some patients may have sensitive teeth. This sensitivity can occur due to factors such as acidity and due to the mechanism of action, where whitening gel can promote adverse effects on the dental structure, such as changes in the surface and decreased enamel hardness, pulp changes. Like any other type of dental treatment, tooth whitening is a procedure that presents risks and benefits. Thus, it is important for the professional to know about the different types of color changes, as well as their etiological consequences, in order to be able to correctly choose the agent and technique for the treatment. CONCLUSION: It has been shown that sensitivity occurs in most patients, but it is mainly influenced by the concentration of the gel, application time, application technique and use of desensitizer. Of all the alternatives found in the literature, the one that brought the best results was the application of desensitizers that contain fluoride and potassium nitrate, which can reduce sensitivity.